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Bernhard Hugo Goetz (born November 7, 1947) is a New York City man known for shooting four young men when they tried to mug him〔 〕〔〔 〕 on a New York City Subway train in Manhattan on December 22, 1984. He fired five shots, seriously wounding all four men. Nine days later he surrendered to police and was eventually charged with attempted murder, assault, reckless endangerment, and several firearms offenses. A jury found him not guilty of all charges except for one count of carrying an unlicensed firearm, for which he served eight months of a one-year sentence. In 1996, one of the shot men, who had been left paraplegic and brain damaged as a result of his injuries, obtained a civil judgment of $43 million against Goetz. The incident sparked a nationwide debate on race and crime in major cities, the legal limits of self-defense, and the extent to which the citizenry could rely on the police to secure their safety.〔 Although Goetz, dubbed the "Subway Vigilante" by New York City's press, came to symbolize New Yorkers' frustrations with the high crime rates of the 1980s, he was both praised and vilified in the media and public opinion. The incident has also been cited as a contributing factor to the groundswell movement against urban crime and disorder,〔(''Time'', January 21, 1985 Low Profile for a Legend Bernard Goetz )〕 and the successful National Rifle Association campaigns to loosen restrictions on the concealed carrying of firearms. ==Early life== Goetz was born on November 7, 1947 in Kew Gardens, Queens, New York City, the son of Gertrude and Bernhard Willard Goetz, Sr. His parents were German-born immigrants who had met in the United States; Goetz's father was Lutheran; his mother, who was Jewish, converted to her husband's faith.〔George P. Fletcher, A crime of self-defense: Bernhard Goetz and the Law on Trial, p.10〕 While growing up, Goetz lived with his parents and three older siblings upstate, where his father ran a dairy farm and a bookbinding business. He and his sister attended boarding school in Switzerland for high school. Goetz returned to the United States in 1965 for college, and earned a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering and nuclear engineering from New York University.〔 By this time the family had relocated to Orlando, Florida; Goetz joined them and worked at his father's residential development business. He was briefly married, and after his divorce moved to New York City, where he started an electronics business out of his Greenwich Village apartment.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bernhard Goetz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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